​​​Pleural Effusion

Pleural Effusion is an abnormal build-up of fluid in the space around the lungs. Two thin membranes, known as the pleura, line the surface of the lungs and the chest. If you have pleural effusion, the space between these membranes gets filled with excessive fluid.

There are a number of causes of pleural effusion:

  • Heart failure

  • Tuberculosis

  • Pneumonia

  • Pulmonary embolism (blood clot)

  • Cancer

  • Liver disease

  • Nephrotic syndrome (a type of kidney disorder)

  • Autoimmune diseases such as lupus (where the body’s own immune system attacks itself)

There are two types of pleural effusions. The first is known as transudative pleural effusion, and is caused by fluid leakage into the pleural space due to an increased pressure in the blood vessels or low levels of protein in the blood. The other is exudative pleural effusion, caused by tumours, infection/inflammation and lung injury.​

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​​The information provided on our website is for educational purposes and not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional provider.