​Pneumothorax

A pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air inside the chest cavity that causes the lung to collapse. Under normal circumstances, the lungs expand when the chest cavity inflates and creates a vacuum that sucks in air from the atmosphere into the lungs. If air enters the chest, the vacuum is lost, causing the lung to collapse.

A pneumothorax can occur on its own, without any underlying disease, which is known as a primary spontaneous pneumothorax. It may also occur because of disease or injury such as gunshot/knife wound, rib fracture or trauma due to mechanical ventilation, or damage to the lungs caused by asthma, pneumonia or other lung diseases (secondary pneumothorax).

The major risk factor for a collapsed lung is smoking. Tall, thin people are also more likely to develop pneumothorax. Research also shows that men are more likely to develop pneumothorax than women. Age and weight are other contributing factors. In certain cases, the disease may be inherited as well. ​

When to seek expert advise

Often people are unaware of the potential danger of pneumothorax and wait for several days without seeking medical attention. If you are experiencing chest pain or shortness of breath, visit your doctor immediately. If you have had one pneumothorax, the risk of getting a second one increases significantly, so never ignore your symptoms. The Heart, Lungs and Vascular services at The Aga Khan University Hospital offer quality healthcare and a range of treatment options.

Imagery