Polycystic Kidney Disease

Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder characterized by development of many fluid-filled sacs (cysts) in both kidneys causing them to become enlarged. The cysts replace the entire normal kidney tissue leading to reduced functioning of the kidneys and eventually resulting in kidney failure in some cases.

There are two types of polycystic kidney disease:

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): this is the most common form of polycystic kidney disease and accounts for almost 90% of the cases. It is usually diagnosed between the age of 30 – 40 years old, though in some cases children might also have it. Only one parent needs to carry the genetic flaw in order for it to be passed on to the children

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: a rarer form of polycystic kidney disease and  is passed onto the children only if both parents carry the genetic flaw. The parents don’t have the disease themselves, and probably don’t know they are carrying the problematic gene. This form of disease is diagnosed either at the time of birth or in early childhood. If the disease is severe enough, the affected children usually do not survive beyond first decade of life.​​​​​​

When to seek expert advise

If you find any of the above signs and symptoms especially with a positive family history, have yourself examined by your family doctor; or you can consult the internationally trained staff of the Kidney and Bladder service line at the Aga Khan University Hospital. 

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