Meningitis is a serious condition in which the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (the meninges) become inflamed. It can be caused by:

Bacteria (the most serious cause)
Viruses (usually less severe)
Fungi or tuberculosis (TB), particularly in people with weakened immune systems
Rarely, parasites, autoimmune diseases or injuries

Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency. Without prompt treatment, it can lead to brain damage, hearing loss, permanent disability, or death. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve outcomes.

Disclaimer:

The information provided on our website is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare professional for advice regarding your individual health and medical needs.

Compiled by the AKU Medical College Center for Clinical Best Practices

Last Updated: June 2026