​Paediatric Diabetes

Diabetes in children is also known as type-1 diabetes and is characterized by the pancreas’ inability to produce insulin needed to process and absorb glucose. Insulin is important for enabling glucose to enter cells in the body to provide energy to tissues and muscles. Without insulin, the glucose cannot enter body cells and remains in the blood stream, leading to high sugar levels.

In rare cases, a child may also develop type-2 diabetes, though it is more common with adults. In this disorder, insulin is produced by the pancreas, but it does not perform its function properly.

No specific cause of diabetes in children is known, though exposure to certain viruses may increase likelihood of developing this disease. In some cases, it may be an autoimmune disorder whereby the body’s own immune system may mistakenly destroy cells in the pancreas which produce insulin. People with a family history of type-1 diabetes are also at a greater risk of developing this disease.

Diabetes is a chronic disease, which means it is a long term disorder. Diagnosis of diabetes in a child can be quite overwhelming for both parents and the child. However, consistency and persistence with care and management will help your child lead a normal, active life.

When to seek expert advise

If you notice any of the above symptoms in your child, you must consult with your child’s paediatrician immediately as early diagnosis and treatment can prevent further complications. Frequent urination or even sudden bedwetting in a child, weight loss and increased thirst are all signs that must not be taken lightly.