​Gum disease (Gingivitis and Periodontitis)​

Gum disease describes cases where the tissue and the bones that surround and support your teeth become infected. This is generally cause by the build-up of plaque (a sticky, colourless film) on your teeth. Plaque contains bacteria and toxins, and if it is not removed by daily brushing and cleaning, it can infect your teeth and gums. If gum disease progresses further, these bacteria can eventually infect your gum tissue and the bone that support your teeth.  

Gum disease can be divided into two types:

  • Gingivitis: this is often considered the earliest stage of gum disease and is a comparatively milder form of gum disease which causes your gums and the soft tissue that surround your teeth to become irritated, red and swollen (inflammation).

  • Periodontitis: this is a more severe form of gum disease. It spreads from the gums and causes damage to the tissue and bone that support your teeth.  

Gingivitis is usually easy to treat and does not have any long-lasting consequences.  However, most cases of periodontitis are preceded by untreated gingivitis. This is more severe and has the potential of causing extensive permanent damage. It is not necessary that all cases of gingivitis will progress to periodontitis; but if it does it can cause your teeth to become loose, fall out, or become damaged to the extent that they will need to be removed by your dentist.  

The medical staff of Teeth and Skin Service Line at The Aga Khan University and Hospital are internationally trained and committed to providing excellent treatment and care, for your gum disease.​

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The information provided on our website is for educational purposes and not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional provider.