Aneurysm

Aneurysm is an abnormal swelling of the blood vessels, which causes them to become weak over time. With every heart beat there is increased pressure on the wall of the blood vessel which ultimately weakens the arterial wall and increases the risk of arterial rupture. Exact causes of an aneurysm are unclear. It can be caused by a defect in the wall of the artery or build-up of plaque in the arterial wall (known as arteriosclerosis). At times it may be present at birth (known as congenital aneurysm).

An aneurysm that is small in size may not be threatening; but as it grows in size, it can lead to severe consequences including haemorrhage or sudden death. Although it can occur in any part of the body, the most common areas are:

• Abdominal and Thoracic Aorta

• Brain (cerebral aneurysm)

• Behind the knee (popliteal artery aneurysm)

• Intestine (mesenteric artery aneurysm)

• Spleen (splenic artery aneurysm)

Th e risk of having an aneurysm increases due to factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, drug use (especially cocaine), genetic factors and smoking. Sometimes aneurysms may be caused by pregnancy or a traumatic injury as well. Both men and women are at risk, especially in elderly age group.

When to seek expert advise

​If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above or if your doctor discovers a lump during a routine physical examination, it is advisable to seek immediate medical attention. You can receive multidisciplinary care at the Section of General Surgery or Section of Vascular Surgery of The Aga Khan University Hospital and explore a variety of treatment options.