​​Asthma

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that causes inflammation of the bronchial tubes,  or airways of the lungs, which carry oxygen to the body. The inflammation or swelling causes the airways to become narrow which leads to difficulty in breathing. The inflammation increases the sensitivity of the airways, making them susceptible to allergic reactions.

In severe cases, asthma patients might suffer an asthma attack, which is a sudden onset of asthma symptoms caused by narrowing of airway muscles.  An asthma attack can prove to be fatal and requires immediate medical care or even, hospitalization.

Asthma can affect people of all ages. However, the disease is usually diagnosed during childhood.

Common asthma symptoms include:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest tightness or pain
  • Wheezing when exhaling, which is a common sign of asthma in children
  • Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing, or wheezing
  • Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus, such as a cold or the flu.
It's important to note that asthma symptoms vary from person to person. Some individuals may experience symptoms only at certain times, such as during exercise or at night, while others may have symptoms all the time.​

You should consult a healthcare provider if you:

  • Experience frequent asthma symptoms that interfere with daily activities or sleep.
  • Have symptoms that are worsening or not controlled by current medications.
  • Need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often than recommended.​
Seek emergency medical attention if you have severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, chest tightness, or bluish lips or face, as these may indicate a life-threatening asthma attack.​
Your time with your doctor may be limited, so make sure to prepare for your visit beforehand. Here are some tips to help get you started.

Diagnosing asthma involves several steps:

  • Medical History and Physical Exam: Your doctor will inquire about your symptoms and family history and perform a physical examination.
  • Lung Function Tests:
    • Spirometry: Measures the amount of air you can inhale and exhale and how quickly you can exhale.
    • Peak Flow Measurement: Assesses how well your lungs are working by measuring the speed of exhalation.​​
These tests help determine the presence and severity of asthma.

Asthma treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing attacks:

  • Medications:
    • Long-term Control: Inhaled corticosteroids and other medications to reduce inflammation and prevent symptoms.
    • Quick-relief (Rescue) Inhalers: Short-acting bronchodilators to provide immediate relief during an asthma attack.
  • Lifestyle Modifications:
    • Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as allergens or irritants.
    • Developing an asthma action plan with your healthcare provider.
Regular monitoring and adherence to the treatment plan are essential for effective asthma management.​

The Aga Khan University Hospital offers various support services to help with managing or recovering from the disease or condition. These include but are not limited to nutrition, physiotherapy, rehabilitation, specialised clinics and some patient support groups. Your doctor or nurse will advise you accordingly.​​

The Aga Khan University Hospital offers financial assistance to those who are in need and fulfil the eligibility criteria. For further information, you can contact the Patient Welfare Department. You can find the contact number of the Patient Welfare Department in the 'Important Numbers' section on the website homepage.

The financial counselling staff is available during office hours, at the main PBSD (Patient Business Services Department), to answer your financial queries on treatment costs and authorise admissions on partial deposit as per hospital policies. The financial counsellor in the emergency room is open 24/7. You can find the contact number of the Patient Business Services in the 'Important Numbers' section on the website homepage.

Your doctor and or nurse will give you specific instructions about the prescribed medication. Please ensure that you take or use the prescribed medicine as advised. It can be dangerous to your health if you self-prescribe. Please inform the doctor or nurse beforehand if you have experienced any adverse reactions to any medications in the past. If you experience any symptoms of drug poisoning, overdose or severe reaction please contact the Pharmacy Services at The Aga Khan University Hospital immediately. You can find the contact number of the Pharmacy Services in the 'Important Numbers' section on the website homepage.​

The information provided on our website is for educational purposes and not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional provider. ​​