​Prostatitis

Prostatitis is the inflammation of the prostate gland, which can cause swelling, pain, and urinary difficulties. The prostate is a small, walnut-sized gland located below the bladder that produces seminal fluid to nourish and transport sperm. Prostatitis can affect men of all ages, though it is more common in men under 50.

Prostatitis is classified into four main types:

  • Acute Bacterial Prostatitis: A sudden and severe bacterial infection of the prostate that can cause flu-like symptoms and requires immediate medical attention.
  • Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: A recurrent bacterial infection of the prostate that develops gradually and can last for several months.
  • Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS): The most common form, characterized by pelvic pain and discomfort without an identifiable infection.
  • Asymptomatic Inflammatory Prostatitis: This type is often detected during routine tests and does not cause noticeable symptoms.

The causes of prostatitis depend on the type. Bacterial prostatitis is caused by bacteria that travel to the prostate from the urinary tract, while chronic pelvic pain syndrome may result from nerve damage, immune disorders, or stress​.

Symptoms of prostatitis can vary depending on the type but commonly include:

  • Pain or Discomfort: In the groin, pelvic area, lower back, or genitals.
  • Urinary Issues: Frequent urination, difficulty starting or maintaining urine flow, a weak stream, or painful urination.
  • Sexual Dysfunction: Pain during or after ejaculation, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction.
  • Flu-like Symptoms: Fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and body aches, typically seen in acute bacterial prostatitis.
  • Blood in Urine or Semen: A possible sign of infection or inflammation.

Symptoms may come and go in chronic forms of prostatitis, whereas they develop suddenly and severely in acute cases.​

Consult our Urology or Infectious Diseases experts if you experience:

  • Persistent pelvic or lower abdominal pain.
  • Difficulty or pain while urinating, including increased urgency or frequency.
  • Flu-like symptoms, such as fever and chills, accompanied by urinary problems.
  • Painful ejaculation or discomfort during sexual activity.
  • Blood in urine or semen.​​

Prompt evaluation and treatment are crucial, especially in cases of acute prostatitis, to prevent complications such as urinary retention or the spread of infection to other parts of the body.​

Your time with your doctor may be limited, so make sure to prepare for your visit beforehand. Here are some tips to help get you started.​

To diagnose prostatitis, healthcare providers may perform the following tests:

  • Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to check the prostate for tenderness, swelling, or abnormalities.
  • Urine Tests: A sample of urine is analyzed to check for signs of infection or inflammation.
  • Blood Tests: Used to detect signs of infection or other prostate issues.
  • Prostatic Fluid Analysis: A sample of prostate fluid is examined under a microscope for the presence of bacteria or inflammatory cells.
  • Imaging Tests: Ultrasound or CT scans may be performed to evaluate the prostate and surrounding structures in detail.
  • Urodynamic Tests: Used to measure how well the bladder and urethra are functioning, especially if there are urinary symptoms.

These tests help identify the underlying cause of prostatitis and guide treatment decisions.​

Treatment for prostatitis depends on the type and severity of the condition. 

Common treatment options include:

  • Antibiotics: The primary treatment for bacterial prostatitis. The course of antibiotics may last from a few weeks to several months in chronic cases.
  • Alpha-Blockers: Medications that help relax the muscle fibers where the prostate meets the bladder to reduce urinary symptoms.
  • Pain Relievers: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help manage pain and inflammation.
  • Physical Therapy: To address pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and relieve pain.
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Drinking plenty of fluids, avoiding irritants such as alcohol and spicy foods, and practicing stress management techniques.
  • Surgical Procedures: In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to remove abscesses or treat severe urinary obstruction.

The treatment approach is tailored to the individual based on their specific symptoms and health status.​

The Aga Khan University Hospital offers financial assistance to those who are in need and fulfil the eligibility criteria. For further information, you can contact the Patient Welfare Department. You can find the contact number of the Patient Welfare Department in the 'Numbers' section on the website homepage.

The financial counselling staff is available during office hours, at the main PBSD (Patient Business Services Department), to answer your financial queries on treatment costs and authorise admissions on partial deposit as per hospital policies. The financial counsellor in the emergency room is open 24/7. You can find the contact number of the Patient Business Services in the 'Numbers' section on the website homepage. ​

Your doctor or nurse will provide specific instructions regarding any prescribed medications. It is essential to follow their guidance carefully. Self-prescribing or altering medication without professional advice can be harmful. Inform your healthcare provider of any past adverse reactions to medications. If you experience symptoms of drug poisoning, overdose, or a severe reaction, contact the Pharmacy Services at The Aga Khan University Hospital immediately. 

The contact number is listed in the 'Numbers' section on the hospital's homepage. ​

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The information provided on our website is for educational purposes and not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional provider.