​​​​Vaginal Cancer​

Vaginal cancer is a rare type of cancer that forms in the tissues of the vagina, the muscular tube that connects the uterus to the external genitalia. It most commonly occurs in older women but can affect women of any age. 

The disease often does not cause symptoms in its early stages, making regular gynecological examinations crucial for early detection. Risk factors for vaginal cancer include infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), a history of cervical cancer, smoking, and long-term vaginal irritation.​​

Vaginal cancer may not show early signs, but as the disease progresses, symptoms may include:

  • Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Bleeding after intercourse, between menstrual periods, or after menopause.
  • Unusual Vaginal Discharge: Watery, bloody, or foul-smelling discharge.
  • Pelvic Pain: Persistent discomfort or pain during intercourse.
  • Lump or Mass: A palpable mass in the vaginal area.
  • Painful Urination: Difficulty or discomfort while urinating.​

Consult our Obstetrics and Gynaecology or Oncology experts if you experience:

  • Persistent abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge.
  • Pelvic pain that does not resolve.
  • A lump or mass in the vaginal area.
  • Pain or difficulty during urination.

Early diagnosis increases the likelihood of successful treatment and better outcomes.​

Your time with your doctor may be limited, so make sure to prepare for your visit beforehand. Here are some tips to help get you started.​

To diagnose vaginal cancer, healthcare providers may perform:

  • Pelvic Examination: A thorough check of the vaginal walls for any abnormalities.
  • Pap Test (Pap Smear): Detects precancerous or cancerous cells in the vagina or cervix.
  • Colposcopy: A magnified view of the vagina to identify abnormal tissue.
  • Biopsy: Removal of a small tissue sample for laboratory analysis.
  • Imaging Tests: CT scan, MRI, or PET scan to determine cancer spread.​

Treatment for vaginal cancer depends on the stage and location of the tumor and may include:

  • Radiation Therapy: Using high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells.
  • Surgery: Removing the cancerous growth or, in advanced cases, the entire vagina (vaginectomy).
  • Chemotherapy: Administered either topically or systemically to kill cancer cells.
  • Targeted Therapy: Focuses on specific genetic changes in cancer cells to stop their growth.
  • Immunotherapy: Boosting the body's immune system to fight the cancer cells.​

The Aga Khan University Hospital offers various support services to help with managing or recovering from the disease or condition. These include but are not limited to nutrition, physiotherapy, rehabilitation, specialised clinics and some patient support groups. Your doctor or nurse will advise you accordingly.

The Aga Khan University Hospital offers financial assistance to those who are in need and fulfil the eligibility criteria. For further information, you can contact the Patient Welfare Department. You can find the contact number of the Patient Welfare Department in the 'Numbers' section on the website homepage.

The financial counselling staff is available during office hours, at the main PBSD (Patient Business Services Department), to answer your financial queries on treatment costs and authorise admissions on partial deposit as per hospital policies. The financial counsellor in the emergency room is open 24/7. You can find the contact number of the Patient Business Services in the 'Numbers' section on the website homepage.​

Your doctor or nurse will provide specific instructions regarding any prescribed medications. It is essential to follow their guidance carefully. Self-prescribing or altering medication without professional advice can be harmful. Inform your healthcare provider of any past adverse reactions to medications. If you experience symptoms of drug poisoning, overdose, or a severe reaction, contact the Pharmacy Services at The Aga Khan University Hospital immediately. The contact number is listed in the 'Numbers' section on the hospital's homepage.​

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The information provided on our website is for educational purposes and not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional provider.